The afflicted person may or may not be aware that they are having difficulties. Lists and
other reminders can help their changing ability to remember. A routine schedule and
routine ways of doing tasks can also be helpful.Often the person and caregiver do not
realize there is a health problem at this point. They may feel that fatigue, extra stress,
fickleness, stubbornness or laziness are causing the problems.
- Memory Loss: The elder may begin to have problems recalling daily events, while
long-term memory remains intact. S/he may repeat questions or recent comments, get lost in
conversations and misplace things;
- Disorientation: There is often a decline in the sense of direction. The elder may get
lost in a familiar neighborhood or be unable to follow directions to the store. There may
be a decline in the sense of time, such as being unable to remember appointments or the
actual date;
- Apraxia: The elder may forget how to use a tool or find it difficult to use tools or
equipment, such as appliances, a toothbrush or eating utensils;
- Anomia: The person may forget the right word or name of a person. The words may feel at
the tip of the tongue, but the speaker is not able to say them;
- Personality Changes: The person may seem different. S/he may be more withdrawn,
frustrated, irritable, mellow, sensitive or inconsiderate of others;
- Trouble With Routines: There is less ability to keep up with the daily routine at work
or at home. S/he may forget what bills have been paid, or be able to handle office
finances or telephone calls. At home, they may find it difficult to use a checkbook or
prepare meals;
- Decline in Grooming: There is a decline in grooming or personal hygiene. A previously
well-groomed person may be untidy, unbathed or have uncombed hair.
Communication
Closely related words are substituted for forgotten words. When you cant make out
what a person with Alzheimers Disease needs, point to the objects in question while
asking questions like: "Do you want your purse? Your comb?" The person will have
trouble understanding and following directions. Keep your sentences short and your
directions clear. "Mother, fold the scarf." "Put the scarf in the
drawer." "Close the drawer."
Tips and Techniques
- Discuss important business during the morning when everyone is fresh;
- Focus on one topic at a time;
- Use specific words, names of people and objects;
- Do not use pronouns or general language;
- Words or events may be forgotten. Dont take it personally if birthdays or other
special events are forgotten.
Behavioral Problems
Behavioral problems often occur early in the disease, before a caregiver is even aware
that the person is afflicted. For instance, the person may become easily angered when a
mistake is made due to memory loss. One person may lash out verbally at the caregiver when
it is pointed out that she forgot to pay a bill. Another may become very angry when he
asks why a favorite relative hasnt visited lately and is told she was just there the
day before.
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